Principles of international humanitarian law the first and second principles

Principles governing the international protection of the environment during armed conflict The principle of restricting the right of the warring parties to choose methods and means of warfare: In view of the great development that took place in the arts of armament and methods of fighting and the use of advanced weapons that have a great destructive effect on human life in all aspects of human life and the effects and losses they cause at all levels, it has become necessary to subject the warring parties in choosing means of fighting to a kind of Controls, restrictions and rules to ensure at least the alleviation of human suffering or environmental damage resulting from wars and armed conflicts, as Article 22 of the Hague Convention of 1907 stipulates that (the belligerents do not have an absolute right to choose the means to harm the enemy). As Article 35 of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions of 1977 stipulates in its first paragraph (the first clause: The right of the parties to an armed conflict to choose methods and means of warfare is not a right that is not restricted by restrictions. The second clause: It is prohibited to use weapons, projectiles, materials and means of warfare that are from They may cause unjustified injuries or pain, item III: It is prohibited to use means or methods of combat that are intended or may be expected to cause extensive, widespread and long-term damage to nature. As stated in the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use of Environmental Change Techniques for Military or Other Hostile Purposes in 1976 (Article One: Each state party to this agreement undertakes not to use environmental change techniques with widespread, long-lasting or severe effects for military or any hostile purposes Other as a means of inflicting destruction, loss or damage to any other state party. Item Two: Each state party to this agreement undertakes not to assist, encourage or induce any state, group of states or any international organization to carry out activities that are contrary to the provisions of the first clause of this article. ) . The principle of prohibition of unwarranted pain: Where this principle, in conjunction with the first principle, aims to prohibit the use by warring parties of weapons and means of warfare that, if used in armed conflict, would cause unjustified pain, not only to the soldiers or people involved in military actions, but also to civilians. The most important of these weapons are In projectiles or explosive bullets, homemade mines, chemical weapons and many other weapons that leave permanent disabilities and fires in the body.

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